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ISHM: May 23 – 30, 2024

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Key Takeaways:

  • Sadr Renews The Call To Close The U.S. Embassy; IHEC Proposes New Date For The Kurdistan Region’s Legislative Elections – On May 28, Muqtada al-Sadr called for the expulsion of the U.S. ambassador and the closure of Washington’s embassy “without bloodshed.” Sadr made his call in response to continued U.S. support for Israel, which he accused of committing war crimes and acts of terrorism against civilians in Gaza. Sadr followed up with a televised speech on May 29, in which he attacked the U.S. over what he called double standards and enabling Israeli genocide against Palestinians. Notably, Sadr’s speech displayed the new banner of his rebranded political movement, the National Shia Trend (al-Tayyar al-Watani al-Shee’ie). On May 29, Iraq’s Independent High Electoral Commission (IHEC) sent a letter to the president of the KRG in which it proposed September 5 as the new date for holding the long-delayed legislative elections in the region. The KRG has yet to make a public response to the proposal. In other developments, on May 26, Iraqi PM Mohammed al-Sudani discussed with the UN Secretary General, Antonio Guterres, his government’s request to end the work of the UN Assistance Mission to Iraq (UNAMI), and the timeline for reducing staff levels at the mission. On May 30, KRG PM Masrour Barzani held a series of meetings with Iraqi leaders, starting with National Security Adviser Qasim al-Araji and PM Sudani. Barzani said his goal was to focus on mutual priorities and common interests in counter-terrorism, dealing with climate change, and cooperation in building stronger business ties and developing Iraq’s banking sector, and not get stuck on “the decade-old disputes.” more…
  • Several U.S. Businesses Attacked In Baghdad, Ostensibly Over Support For Israel – Between May 26 – 30, five Western businesses…

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A farewell message from Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert (28 May 2024) [EN/AR/KU]

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As my tenure as Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Iraq draws to a close, I wish to express my gratitude and deep appreciation to all Iraqis, in particular those I have met and worked with.

Over the past five years, I was repeatedly touched by the generosity and hospitality of a people who never departed from their tradition of welcoming an outsider or assisting those in need, even if at the expense of their own comfort or time. I learned much from listening to Iraqi women and men explaining their history with pride. Though many faced down serious challenges, an optimism for the days ahead often shone through. They welcomed me and other UN colleagues into their towns and homes, inviting us to join for a meal or an event and never passing up an opportunity to showcase Iraq’s rich culture and immense beauty. Throughout the country, including the Kurdistan Region, countless people of all ages spontaneously shared, time and again, their hopes and aspirations. And I will forget none of them.

I also truly valued the professional meetings and discussions we had with a wide spectrum of partners. From civil society representatives, academics, tribal chiefs and religious leaders to local, provincial and national authorities, judges, security officials and politicians. Needless to say, their insights and perspectives taught us a great deal and guided our work. Some of these meetings involved individuals putting everyday differences aside to find solutions at critical junctures for Iraq. All such engagement left an indelible impression on me. And, of course, I cannot overstate our gratitude to the many branches of Iraq’s government, which, through relentless efforts, facilitated our work and protected UN personnel and operations.

None of this is to say that the UN has been immune to criticism -…

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Iraq requests end of UN assistance mission by 2025

Iraq has requested that a United Nations assistance mission set up after the 2003 US-led invasion of the country ceases its operations by the end of 2025, saying it is no longer needed because Iraq has made significant progress towards stability, Reuters reported.

The mission, known as UNAMI and headquartered in Baghdad’s heavily fortified Green Zone, was set up with a wide mandate to help develop Iraqi institutions, support political dialogue and elections and promote human rights.

Prime Minister Mohammed Shia Al-Sudani, who met with UNAMI chief Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert on Sunday, said Iraq wanted to deepen cooperation with other UN organisations but there was no longer a need for the political work of the UN assistance mission.

The mission’s head in Iraq often shuttles between top political, judicial and security officials in work that supporters see as important to preventing and resolving conflicts but critics have often described as interference.

In a letter to UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, Al-Sudani said: “Iraq has managed to take important steps in many fields, especially those that fall under UNAMI’s mandate.”

For her part, Plasschaert praised the important steps and promising initiatives taken by Iraq during the last 18 months, especially in the areas of service provision, infrastructure reconstruction, investment, plans to mitigate environmental impacts and reducing dependence on imported fuel.

Iraqi officials say the country has come a long way from the sectarian war after the US-led invasion and Daesh’s attempt to establish a caliphate, and that it no longer needs so much international help.

Some critics worry about the stability of the young democracy, given recurring conflict and the presence of many heavily armed military-political groups that have often battled on the streets, most recently in 2022.

READ: Iraq government officially requests end of UN mission in Baghdad

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Kurdish parties advocate for continued UNAMI presence in Iraq

2024-05-27T11:52:09+00:00

Shafaq News / On Monday, a meeting of major Kurdish parties in Iraqi Kurdistan affirmed the importance of the presence of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) in the country.

Independent Kurdish politician Serdar Abdullah stated, “A special meeting was convened today in al-Sulaymaniya with representatives from the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP), the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), the Change (Gorran) Movement, the Kurdistan Islamic Justice Group, and the Kurdistan Islamic Union to deliberate on the continuation of UNAMI’s presence.”

Abdullah emphasized that “all Kurdish parties present at the meeting affirmed the necessity of UNAMI’s presence in Iraq due to its significant role in supporting the Iraqi government and its positive impact on the country.”

He further noted that “the parties agreed to send two letters: one to the UN Security Council and the other to Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia Al-Sudani. They stressed the importance of UNAMI’s continued presence and plan to dispatch these letters before the Security Council’s meeting next Thursday to discuss the Mission’s withdrawal from Iraq.”

Abdullah added, “At the end of May each year, Iraq submits a memorandum to the UN Security Council outlining its position on whether to retain the Mission. A specialized committee from the Security Council visited Iraq a month ago, holding over 250 meetings with various Iraqi stakeholders and drafting a report. All Kurdish parties concurred on the necessity of UNAMI’s continued presence for the upcoming phase.”

Notably, Prime Minister Al-Sudani had officially requested on May 21, in a letter to UN Secretary-General António Guterres, that the UNAMI mandate be terminated by December 31, 2025. 

He stipulated that the Mission’s remaining efforts for this year should focus solely on completing its work in economic reform, service…

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Ending the UNAMI Mission Marks a Step for Iraq Regaining Full Sovereignty

In a formal letter, dated 8 May 2024 and addressed to the United Nations Secretary-General, Antonio Guterres, Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammad Shia al-Sudani called for “ending the mandate of the United Nation’s Assistance Mission in Iraq (UNAMI) on 31 December 2025″, emphasizing that “after more than 20 years of democratic transition and overcoming great and diverse challenges, the justifications for a political mission in Iraq are no longer present”.

This letter was delivered in time, by the Iraqi Charge d’Affaires at the United Nations, before the Security Council (SC)’s scheduled meeting on 30 May 2024, to vote on UNAMI’s fate. Iraq is not a member of the Council, however, it will be difficult for the existing SC members to ignore the wishes of an elected Government of Iraq.

The strategic review

In May 2023, Iraq made a formal request to the SC to reduce the UNAMI mandate. In response, the Council set up a three-man committee, headed by Volker Perthes of Germany, to carry out a “Strategic Review” of UNAMI’s mandate, based on the SC resolution 2682 (2023). The committee visited Iraq in Nov 2023 and conducted 250 interviews with various stakeholders, including the Federal Government, the Kurdistan Regional Government, political parties, civil society organizations, think tanks and the UNAMI staff all over Iraq. They also reviewed the papers and work of UNAMI both in Iraq and New York, before submitting their report to the Secretary General in Feb 2024.

The ‘Perthes’ report unequivocally acknowledged the progress made in Iraq, and that: “the Iraqi political system has, at least over the past eighteen months, increasingly demonstrated its ability to manage crises”. It further adds “no UN political mission should stay in a country forever. Prolonged third-party presence may discourage local solutions and national ownership”. Perthes therefore recommend that “the…

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Iraq Requests UN Assistance for Elections Amid UNAMI Dissolution

Iraq Seeks UN Assistance for Upcoming Elections

Sat 25 May 2024 | 09:11 PM

Despite officially requesting the United Nations to disband its mission in Iraq (UNAMI) by the end of next year, after nearly 20 years of operation, the Iraqi government still looks towards the UN for electoral assistance.

The UN mission in Iraq has faced significant criticism over the years, particularly following widespread challenges to the results of the 2018 and 2021 elections. Nevertheless, Baghdad authorities are keen on maintaining the UN’s involvement in electoral matters.

Government spokesman Basim Al-Awadi stated that the Iraqi government would request the UN to form a specialized committee for elections if UNAMI is dissolved before the scheduled parliamentary elections next year.

In May 2023, Iraq submitted a request to the UN Security Council and the Secretary-General to reduce UNAMI’s mandate and conduct an objective evaluation of its work, paving the way for the mission’s termination. Following this request, a strategic committee from the UN visited Iraq in November and recommended ending the mission.

Al-Awadi mentioned that the government’s proposal is for the UN mission to remain until after the elections, suggesting that its final period of presence should be until the end of December 2025, a month after the general elections scheduled for November 2025.

He added that if the mission is dissolved before this date, the Iraqi government would request the UN to form a specialized committee to assist the Independent High Electoral Commission, supervise, monitor, and certify the parliamentary election results, as this is crucial for the political process and governance.

The government spokesman emphasized Iraq’s continued need for UN support in human rights, climate issues, and other areas, but in a new format that does not involve a permanent presence in…

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Govt spokesperson reveals new formula for dealing with UN

Baghdad-INA
Government spokesman Bassem Al-Awadi revealed on Friday, the new formula for dealing with the United Nations(UN) while he indicated that the work of the UNAMI mission would end on the political side, he stressed that the mission provided great services to the Iraqis and supported the political process.

Al-Awadi told the Iraqi News Agency (INA) that “the UNAMI mission was formed in the eighth month of 2003, after the overthrow of the former regime and the presence of the international coalition, and the absence of a government, but rather a governing council carrying out its new work in Iraq,” indicating that “the idea is to send the nations “UN is a group of experts to provide advice in the fields of political, transitional justice, social reconciliation, etc., in order to assist the Iraqi government and provide advice, consultations and opinions, and they are considered as advisors to the government.”
 
“Files were identified for these experts, most notably supporting the government politically, especially the formation of the government, elections, the relationship with the Kurdistan Region, the issue of Kirkuk, the conflict of the components, the formation of parliament, supporting the judicial and legal framework, independent bodies and civil society organizations, as well as providing advice and assistance on border disputes, whether with Iran, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait or Jordan the work continued because Iraq’s circumstances at the time required such assistance, he said.
 
He continued, “The mission worked in Iraq and provided great services to the Iraqi people, and tried to push towards the stability of the political process, and submitted important reports to the United Nations, on the basis of which it issued important decisions to support successive Iraqi governments, the political process, and the Iraqi people,” explaining that “the Iraqi government and the people remember these……

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Why Iraq wants the UN’s political mission to wind down

Iraq increasingly wants to forge a new path that emphasises it is a normal member of the international community and can stand on its own feet. This requires that it shed the institutional hallmarks of the post-2003 period.

As part of that, Baghdad wants to end the mandate of the UN Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI), which has provided the country with political, electoral, and development support for the last two decades.

In a letter to UN Secretary-General António Guterres dated April, but made public on 12 May, Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani noted UNAMI’s positive contributions, but asserted that “after [twenty] years of democratic transition and overcoming great and varied challenges, the grounds for having a political mission in Iraq are no longer available”.

The letter said that Iraq is calling to “permanently” end UNAMI’s mandate on 31 December 2025, adding that the mission’s efforts should be “limited to completing its work (only) on the files of economic reform, service provision, sustainable development, climate change, and other development sectors” from now on.

What this leaves out is UNAMI’s critical political functions. The mission provides what is known in international relations as “good offices,” where a third country or a neutral institution offers a platform for bringing parties together to resolve disagreements.

UNAMI does this in a variety of ways, including helping to broker deals between Baghdad and Erbil, offering mediation between Kurdish parties, and facilitating dispute resolution between Iraq and neighbouring countries, most notably Kuwait.

The mission’s political mandate also includes a requirement that it report to the Security Council about developments in Iraq. The most recent such briefing took place on 16 May.

In light of Iraq’s demands, the question arises: what is the point of a political mission like…

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More to be done to advance women’s empowerment, says SRSG Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert [EN/AR/KU]

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19 May 2024, Baghdad: Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General (SRSG) and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert met with civil society representatives and Women Advisory Groups (WAG) members from Iraq, including the Kurdistan Region, along with Ajay Madiwale, UN Women Country Representative. The meeting was an opportunity to exchange views on ongoing efforts towards, as well as residual challenges to, the advancement of women’s rights in Iraq.

The participants highlighted the critical role civil society plays in promoting women’s empowerment, the need for progress on key legislation to protect women’s rights in Iraq, such as the Anti-Domestic Violence Law, and the value of women’s full participation in decision-making processes. They emphasized the distinct challenges facing specific categories of women, including women and girls with disabilities and women from minority groups.

During the meeting, SRSG Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert stressed that any pending legislation should have the protection of women and girls as a core objective. “There are genuine concerns, not just from women, but from all those in favour of promoting a safe and just society. As I leave Iraq, I laud the efforts of Iraqi women and men in advocating for legislation that supports the empowerment of women and girls. What’s more, any legislation related to children should be guided only by the best interests of the child.”

“As I have said before, too many women have been blocked from taking a seat at the table. And some of those who have gained a seat find themselves, still, excluded from decision-making processes. Women’s empowerment must go beyond symbolism.”

“And yes, the need for an active, empowered and protected civil society is as pressing as ever”, the SRSG concluded.

At the end of the meeting, SRSG Hennis-Plasschaert noted that UN Iraq would continue…

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